On the intervention of US President Trump, there was a ceasefire between Pakistan and India once again. Now diplomats from both countries will hold talks at a neutral location. President Trump has once again reaffirmed his commitment to find a solution to the Kashmir issue between Pakistan and India.
Defense observers are constantly expressing their views on how much country has achieved in a short war over the terrorist incident between Pakistan and India, but it is a fact that millions of families on both sides of the Line of Control reached the brink of destruction and civilian casualties were also killed.
There have been two major and five smaller wars between Pakistan and India. Except for the 71st war, the wars of Kashmir took place on the Kashmir issue. Helping the pages of history, the facts come out that after the partition of India, the two countries were just liberated that the actions of the Maharaja Kashmir created a civil war situation in Kashmir. Maharaja Kashmir requested help from India. India conditioned that the Maharaja Kashmir would declare annexation with India thus the Indian army entered Kashmir.
Along with the Pakistani army, the tribal army also came to help fight the Indian army. When the war intensified, Indian Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru took the Kashmir issue to the UN Security Council. The Security Council approved the ceasefire between the two countries and three resolutions for the Kashmir issue resolution number 36, resolution number 39 and resolution number 47. The meaning of the resolutions meant that Pakistan and India should withdraw their troops from Kashmir within 30 days. India should hold an independent referendum in Kashmir. For this purpose, UN observers should be helped, but history may not be fully implemented by the Security Council resolutions. India has had several agreements, including the Liaquat Nehru Treaty between Pakistan, but the Kashmir issue remains the same.
When Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto rose to the post of Foreign Minister in General Ayub Khan’s government, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto intensified its close relations with China and efforts for the unity of third world countries. He raised the issue of Kashmir on various international forums. Indonesian President Dr. Savikarno was among the major supporters of Pakistan.
China Chairman Mao and Prime Minister Chvin Lai also had the support of Pakistan. There was a war between China and India in the Tibet conflict in the 60s. The two countries agreed to ceasefire and resolve the problem, then Operation Jarrolter began in Kashmir. For the first time in history, the guerrillas crossed the border into the struggle for independence of Kashmir. Operation Gibraltar started.
When the war increased, the war of riots began in Kashmir and Pakistan forces. India attacked Lahore, Sialkot and other places on September 6, 1965. India and Pakistan fought well for seventeen days. However, the Security Council launched a ceasefire between the two countries. Soviet Prime Minister Kosjan invited Indian Prime Minister Shastri and Pakistani President Ayub Khan to Tashkent, where talks took place for several days and on the last day of the visit, the agreement agreed on Tashkent. On the same night, Prime Minister Shastri died due to a heart attack.
Under this agreement, Operation Gibraltar was lost on the pages of history. The two countries expressed their willingness to take their own troops to the Seas Fayez line. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto did not accept the contract Tashkent. They claimed that the deal included secret clauses that they would disclose at the appropriate time. When Bhutto was executed, these secret clauses could not be revealed.
In 1971, when General Yahya Khan did not transfer power to the Awami League that won a majority in the National Assembly elections, the Awami League launched a civil disobedience movement. General Yahya Khan started the operation. Awami League leader Colonel Usmani organized Mukti Bahini. The Indian Army entered East Pakistan to help Mukti Bahini, and on December 16, 1971, Commander General Niazi surrendered to India’s General Arora.
90,000 Pakistani soldiers went to India, Bangladesh. PPP chairman Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto became president in Pakistan. Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi invited President Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto for talks in Shimla, thus the agreement was reached. Another agreement was reached on the basis of the agreement, resulting in the release of 90,000 soldiers. India returned 10,000 square miles of Pakistan. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were completely restored and visas for citizens of the two countries made it easier.
General Zia -ul -Haq eliminated the potential prospects of the war between India and Pakistan through cricket diplomacy. When PPP Chairperson Ms Benazir Bhutto rose to the post of Prime Minister in 1988, the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi came to Islamabad at his invitation and had reached several agreements to improve relations.
From the time of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, a new era of friendship began. Prime Minister Vajpayee came to Lahore via friendship bus and visited the minaret Pakistan and expressed solidarity with the security of Pakistan, thus friendship between Delhi and Lahore began to run with the Samjhauta Express. India has added Pakistan to the list of Most Favorite Nation in the trade sector. The obstacles to the journey between Pakistan and India were very low, but then the move became Kargil.
President Clinton telephoned and told Vajpayee’s terms of the contract. General Pervez Musharraf himself came to power. General Pervez Musharraf extends friendship towards India. The Agra Summit failed if the Cross Border Terrorism point was not agreed at the Agra Summit, but talks between the two countries continued. President Pervez Musharraf presented a possible solution to resolve the Kashmir problem. But then the lawyers movement went.
During the Musharraf era, relations between journalists, intellectuals, writers, poets, judges, lawyers, women and political workers increased. The two countries softened visa restrictions. The bus started between Muzaffarabad and Srinagar and trade between both parts of Kashmir began. But then after the terrorist incident in Mumbai, everything stopped. The then Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani had decided to send the DGISI to India to investigate the Bombay incident, but that could not happen. Then Pakistan imposed economic sanctions.
When Mian Nawaz Sharif rose to the post of Prime Minister in 2013, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi came to Lahore, there was a comprehensive dialogue but then Mian Nawaz Sharif was ousted by the Supreme Court. In 2019, the doors of dialogue between the two countries closed. Now the region has been progressing again for peace. These poems of progressive poet Ali Sardar Jafri interpret the wishes of the people seeking peace of both countries:
Don’t stop conversation
Talk to talk
Went to the evening to meet in the morning
We laughed at these wires full of night
(Tagstotranslate) Guftagu band na ho
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